This study aims to explore the policy and legislative background for social enterprises in Bangladesh by reviewing current social enterprise activity and that of their support organizations alongside existing government activity which influences the sector. The study seeks to understand from stakeholders—both government and social enterprises—what potential future changes to policy can support the development of social enterprise in Bangladesh. The authors identified three main policy areas that help to understand the current context for social enterprise development: NGO and civil society activity, microfinance development and regulation, and private sector development and investment. The study has found that there are three main areas in which stakeholders indicated that initial policy engagement activities might focus, these include: addressing access to finance, building the capacity of social entrepreneurs to equip them with right skills, and raising awareness and clarity around the definition of social enterprise—stakeholders felt that this is a key priority to moving social enterprise development in Bangladesh to the next level.